A third United Nations operation was under way on Friday morning to evacuate Ukrainian civilians from the Russian-besieged Azovstal steel plant in Mariupol, which the UN secretary general has described as a series of “hellscapes”.An estimated 200 civilians, along with Ukrainian resistance fighters, remained trapped in underground refuges at the huge industrial complex. The UN humanitarian chief, Martin Griffiths, said a convoy was headed to Azovstal “to receive those civilians remaining in that bleak hell ... and take them back to safety”.
Prior to the conflict, almost 100,000 children in Ukraine lived in institutions (residential care and boarding schools) and some of those have been left alone since then. The massive displacement exposes children to numerous risks: the risk of being killed or injured during the displacement, the risk of human trafficking and exploitation, the risk of child labour, the risk of forced recruitment or the risk of genderbased violence.
For example, the wider area of Mariupol is home to about 80,000 Greeks....The region of Mariupol is also home of the Turkic-speaking Urums.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ), which is competent for disputes between States, has been seized with the matter under the genocide convention and on 16 March 2022 indicated provisional measures. The ICJ ordered the Russian Federation “to immediately suspend military operations that commenced on 24 February on the territory of Ukraine” and to “ensure that any military or irregular armed units which may be directed or supported by it, as well as any organizations and persons which may be subject to its control or direction, take no steps in furtherance of the military operations”. 643 Unfortunately, this order has been disrespected.
Верх цинизма!Путин направил украинцам поздравления с 77-й годовщиной победы над фашизмом, сообщает госагентство ТАСС.
In conclusion, while under the present circumstances a detailed assessment of most allegations of IHL violations and the identification of war crimes and crimes against humanity concerning particular incidents has not been possible, the Mission found clear patterns of IHL violations by the Russian forces on many of the issues investigated. This concerns in particular their conduct of hostilities. It is not conceivable that so many civilians would have been killed and injured and so many civilian objects, including houses, hospitals, cultural property, schools, multi-story residential buildings, administrative buildings, penitentiary institutions, police stations, water stations and electricity systems would have been damaged or destroyed if Russia had respected its IHL obligations in terms of distinction, proportionality and precautions in conducting hostilities in Ukraine. The conduct of the siege of Mariupol is an extreme example. Much of the conduct of Russian forces in parts of Ukraine it occupied before and after 24 February 2022, including through its proxies, the self-proclaimed “republics” of Donetsk and Luhansk, equally violates IHL of military occupation. Some violations and problems were also identified regarding practices of Ukraine. The Mission is in particular concerned about the treatment of prisoners of war, originally considered criminals, and treated in ways that are incompatible with Geneva Convention III. Generally, allegations that Ukraine and not Russia had caused some of the death, injury or destructions attributed to it by the media, Ukrainian authorities and NGOs to Russia could not be confirmed. The Mission is also astonished about the small number of prisoners of war acknowledged by both parties and regrets that they do not yet benefit from ICRC visits prescribed by Geneva Convention III. The Mission has also considered the impact of the current conflict on human rights. While it has not been able to verify all the reported incidents which might involve violations of IHRL, it has found credible evidence suggesting that such violations, concerning even the most fundamental human rights (right to life, prohibition of torture and other inhuman and degrading treatment and punishment), have been committed, mostly in the areas under the effective control of Russia. The Mission has also concluded that the impact of the conflict on the enjoyment of human rights has gone beyond the direct violations of these rights. By causing a high level of destruction and by interfering with the provision of vital services (education, healthcare), the conflict started by the unlawful attack by Russia has made it very difficult for Ukraine to effectively respect, protect and fulfil human rights of its inhabitants. The Mission has also found out that while the conflict has affected all the inhabitants of Ukraine, it has had a particularly negative effect on individuals belonging to vulnerable groups, such as women, children, older persons or persons with disabilities. The Mission is not able to conclude whether the Russian attack on Ukraine per se qualifies as a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population. It however holds that some patterns of violent acts violating IHRL, which have been repeatedly documented in the course of the conflict, such as targeted killing, enforced disappearance or abductions of civilians, including journalists and local officials, are likely to meet this qualification. Any single violent act of this type, committed as part of such an attack and with the knowledge of it, would then constitute a crime against humanity. While the findings of this report are – in part – necessarily preliminary due to the short period of investigation in the context of an ongoing armed conflict, they can inform other bodies’ more in-depth investigations into legal accountability. The findings may also contribute to establish political accountability. With regard to violations of IHL and IHRL the responsibility is both on the Russian Federation and Ukraine to observe their respective obligations. As this report shows, violations occurred on the Ukrainian as well as on the Russian side. The violations committed by the Russian Federation, however, are by far larger in scale and nature. Regarding the implementation of the principle of accountability the Mission notes several ongoing initiatives on the collection and preservation of evidence on the global, regional and national levels by both public and private actors. While it was able to contribute to a first collection and analysis of facts, more detailed investigations are necessary, in particular with regard to establish individual criminal responsibility for war crimes. This is a task for the courts which can benefit from the collections of evidence by professional organizations and from the assessment of patterns and specific incidents by Missions of inquiry like our own.
Украине даже полезно.
Можно заняться мирным строительством.
Конечно, если войну не объявит.
Разве нет?
Гарантии были в феврале-1945 да поломаты.
